Material and Inventory Findings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Material and Inventory Findings - Essay Example In this case, the troubles experienced with materials and parts on a regular basis signal that the underlying problem is hidden and should be detected and explored further. Although number of the solutions to the symptom problems is available, ranging from the radical moving the S close to T and P to, for example, more frequent deliveries from S, the problem is not the physical flow of the parts but the informational flow between the divisions. There are "gaps" or "gray areas", as Steven Spear and H. Kent Bower name them, in the information flows and the relationship between the supplier (facility S and its three manufacturing divisions) and customer (facilities T and P) with regard to the product supplied (parts and assembly materials). The above mentioned two authors in their article Decoding the DNA of the Toyota Production System (1999) formulate an important rule with regard to customer-supplier relationship within the company's supply chain and internal production system. They emphasize that every connection must be standardized and direct, unambiguously specifying the people involved, the form and quantity of the goods and services to be provided, the way requests are made by each customer, and the expected time in which the requests will be met (p. 100). The rule creates a supplier-customer relationship between each person and the individual who is responsible for providing that person with each specific good or service. As a result, there are no "gray zones" in deciding who provides what to whom and when. In Oregano plants manufacturing system embracing facilities S, T, and P does have the "gray zones". It is the result of ambiguous and not streamlined flow of physical parts and information between the facilities. It should be also noted that all the three facilities have different process design and their needs are slightly different. Nevertheless, the facilities T and P, having the single high-volume customer and limited product line range, face the certain demand situation. It is true for the S facility as well, with regard to the demand for the parts from two other divisions, which is derived in nature. Quality control is another issue to be addressed. Possibility of having up to seven subsequent shifts of producing the defective parts in the molding department due to the machine malfunctioning and raw materials defects, indicates that the currently established raw materials, process and finished goods quality control system does not work out. Recommendations: The adequate documentation flow system should be developed, implemented and monitored for possible improvements on a regular basis. The produced, shipped, received, and consumed components should be entered into the system in a correct way and

Reflecting upon the different models of the criminal justice system we Essay

Reflecting upon the different models of the criminal justice system we have studied, critically assess which you would most like - Essay Example Later on, the Judicature Act of 1873 was passed and the Criminal Appeal Act of 1907. Due process model According to Sanders, Young and Burton the English criminal system just like the American one, emphasizes on adversarial procedures and due process safeguards. The relevance of the due process in the English law is advised by the fact witnesses could be biased or the police force may interfere with the whole process. By insisting on a formal adjudicative process, the accused are able to get justice and beside, the entire process prevents the miscarriage of justice as an end to itself. In addition the due process discourages the law enforcement agencies from abusing power and breaking rules, while encouraging the primacy of the individual citizen. The role of the police in the criminal justice system is very constrained. As Wells and Quick (2010) observe in Wales and England, police can go as far taking an inquisitorial role but cannot force citizens to produce testimony against thei r will. The due process starts once an adversarial relationship has been formed or after becomes a suspect. In all fairness once can see that the role of the police is very limited in English and Wales criminal system. ... k (2010) the due process model as practiced in England and Wales, involves the use of procedural and evidentiary rules in order to avoid to prevent miscarriages of justice to the accused. Wells and Quick (2010) liken the due process model to an assembly line or an obstacle course designed to prevent the accused from progressing through the criminal process. The need for incorporation of the due process in the English and Wales criminal system is characterized by the elements of miscarriage of justice and observance of human rights. Another core element of the system is presumption of innocence doctrine, which is prescribed to by many other judicial systems all over the world. Presumption of innocence doctrine This is a core tenet in the criminal justice system, and is equally appreciated in the European Convention on Human Rights. The presumption of the innocence doctrine further suggests that the onus lies on the prosecution to prove the defendant’s guilt beyond reasonable do ubt. According to Wells and Quick (2010) by forcing the prosecution to prove its case against the accused in an adjudicative context, the accused acquires an enhanced opportunity to secure a favourable outcome. Shift from the due process system to the control system However, in the face of the increasing terrorist activities, and transnational crimes, the English government is under increasing pressure to adopt the crime control approach. At the same time, the English system is under pressure to initiate an appropriate legal framework to support the law enforcement agencies to control the levels of crime being experienced. The crime control model as suggested by Sanders, Young and Burton (2010) is based on the proposition that the repression of the criminal conduct is the main role of the